Production of biofertilizer-Phosphobactria

PRODUCTION OF BIOFERTILIZER-PHOSPHOBACTERIA

AIM:

To produce biofertilizer Phosphobacteria by mass cultivation.

INTRODUCTION:

Biofertilizer  is a substance which contains living micro organisms which ,when applied to the seed ,plant surfaces or soil colonizes the  rhizosphere or the interior of the plant and promotes growth by increasing the supply or availability of primary nutrients to the host plant. Bio-fertilizers add nutrients through the natural processes of nitrogen fixation, solubilizing phosphorus, and stimulating plant growth through the synthesis of growth-promoting substances. Bio-fertilizers can be expected to reduce the use of chemical   fertilizers and pesticides. Bio-fertilizers provide eco-friendly organic agro-input and are more cost-effective than chemical fertilizers. Since a bio-fertilizer is technically living; it can symbiotically associate with plant roots. Involved microorganisms could readily and safely convert complex organic material in simple compounds, so that plants are easily taken up. It maintains the natural habitat of the soil. It increases crop yield by 20-30%, replaces chemical nitrogen and phosphorus by 25%, and stimulates plant growth. It can also provide protection against drought and some soil-borne diseases.

Phosphobacteria means microbial inoculants capable of phosphate solubilizing nature. Commonly used Phosphobacteria is Bacillus megaterium. Phosphobacteria is suitable for all crops. Phosphorus besides to  nitrogen  is one of the most important element in crop production.It makes about 0.2% of  the  total dry weight of the  plants. It is a plant nutrient that is essential for food synthesis, flower formation, fruit setting and seed setting. When Phosphobacteria is added in soil it produces organic crops and makes it to function well in alkaline soils. It is recommendable to crops of all categories

MATERIALS REQUIRED: 

     The Pikovskayas Media, conical flask, Petri plates, Inoculation loops, Cotton plugs, L rods

PROCEDURE:

1. The soil samples were collected from various fields and serial dilutions were done.

2. The organism was isolated by the analysis of the characteristics according to the Morphological and Biochemical characteristics.

3. The various biochemial tests conducted were citrate utilization, catalase, urease, indole, methyl red, vogues prokauer,H2S and nitrate reduction test  were performed and confirmed.

4. Then using the specific medium Pikovskayas medium for phosphobacter was used to grow the organism for the mass production. 

Mass production:

5. For mass production of Phosphobacteria, is isolated from various regions and grown on slants for preservation as per need culture from slant were transferred to liquid broth of selective as well as optimized medium in the rotary shaker for 4 days to prepare starter culture.

6. Later on the starter cultures is transferred to the fermenter in batch culture mode with proper maintenance of 30⁰C and continuous agitation for 4-9 days.

7. When cell count reached to 10⁸- 10⁹ cells/ml, the broth used as inoculants.

8. For easy handling, packing, storing and transporting broth is mixed with an inert carrier material which contains sufficient amount of cells. After proper mixing carrier containing inoculant was left for 7days and above formulated microbial inoculants used as biofertilizer.

RESULT AND DISCUSSION: